1RGPD art. 5(1), point (f)32016R0679-a5-p1-6
processed in a manner that ensures appropriate security of the personal data, including protection against unauthorised or unlawful processing and against accidental loss, destruction or damage, using appropriate technical or organisational measures (‘integrity and confidentiality’).
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)
- Version
- CELEX 32016R0679 — ELI reg/2016/679
Texte officiel2RGPD art. 5(1), point (e)32016R0679-a5-p1-5
kept in a form which permits identification of data subjects for no longer than is necessary for the purposes for which the personal data are processed; personal data may be stored for longer periods insofar as the personal data will be processed solely for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes in accordance with Article 89(1) subject to implementation of the appropriate technical and organisational measures required by this Regulation in order to safeguard the rights and freedoms of the data subject (‘storage limitation’);
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)
- Version
- CELEX 32016R0679 — ELI reg/2016/679
Texte officiel3RGPD art. 32(1)32016R0679-a32-p1
Taking into account the state of the art, the costs of implementation and the nature, scope, context and purposes of processing as well as the risk of varying likelihood and severity for the rights and freedoms of natural persons, the controller and the processor shall implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure a level of security appropriate to the risk, including inter alia as appropriate:
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)
- Version
- CELEX 32016R0679 — ELI reg/2016/679
Texte officiel4RGPD art. 32(1), point (a)32016R0679-a32-p1-1
the pseudonymisation and encryption of personal data;
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)
- Version
- CELEX 32016R0679 — ELI reg/2016/679
Texte officiel5RGPD art. 32(1), point (c)32016R0679-a32-p1-3
the ability to restore the availability and access to personal data in a timely manner in the event of a physical or technical incident;
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)
- Version
- CELEX 32016R0679 — ELI reg/2016/679
Texte officiel6DORA art. 8(1)32022R2554-a8-p1
As part of the ICT risk management framework referred to in Article 6(1), financial entities shall identify, classify and adequately document all ICT supported business functions, roles and responsibilities, the information assets and ICT assets supporting those functions, and their roles and dependencies in relation to ICT risk. Financial entities shall review as needed, and at least yearly, the adequacy of this classification and of any relevant documentation.
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on digital operational resilience for the financial sector
- Version
- CELEX 32022R2554 — ELI reg/2022/2554
Texte officiel7DORA art. 9(2)32022R2554-a9-p2
Financial entities shall design, procure and implement ICT security policies, procedures, protocols and tools that aim to ensure the resilience, continuity and availability of ICT systems, in particular for those supporting critical or important functions, and to maintain high standards of availability, authenticity, integrity and confidentiality of data, whether at rest, in use or in transit.
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on digital operational resilience for the financial sector
- Version
- CELEX 32022R2554 — ELI reg/2022/2554
Texte officiel8DORA art. 12(1), point (a)32022R2554-a12-p1-1
backup policies and procedures specifying the scope of the data that is subject to the backup and the minimum frequency of the backup, based on the criticality of information or the confidentiality level of the data;
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on digital operational resilience for the financial sector
- Version
- CELEX 32022R2554 — ELI reg/2022/2554
Texte officiel9DORA art. 12(2)32022R2554-a12-p2
Financial entities shall set up backup systems that can be activated in accordance with the backup policies and procedures, as well as restoration and recovery procedures and methods. The activation of backup systems shall not jeopardise the security of the network and information systems or the availability, authenticity, integrity or confidentiality of data. Testing of the backup procedures and restoration and recovery procedures and methods shall be undertaken periodically.
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement, niveau 1)
- Source
- Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on digital operational resilience for the financial sector
- Version
- CELEX 32022R2554 — ELI reg/2022/2554
Texte officiel10RTS 2024/1774 art. 6(1)32024R1774-a6-p1
As part of their ICT security policies, procedures, protocols, and tools referred to in Article 9(2) of Regulation (EU) 2022/2554, financial entities shall develop, document, and implement a policy on encryption and cryptographic controls.
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement délégué — RTS, niveau 2)
- Source
- Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/1774 of 13 March 2024 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 with regard to regulatory technical standards specifying ICT risk management tools, methods, processes, and policies and the simplified ICT risk management framework
- Version
- CELEX 32024R1774 — ELI reg_del/2024/1774
Texte officiel11RTS 2024/1774 art. 6(2)32024R1774-a6-p2
Financial entities shall design the policy on encryption and cryptographic controls referred to in paragraph 1 on the basis of the results of an approved data classification and ICT risk assessment. That policy shall contain rules for all of the following:
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement délégué — RTS, niveau 2)
- Source
- Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/1774 of 13 March 2024 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 with regard to regulatory technical standards specifying ICT risk management tools, methods, processes, and policies and the simplified ICT risk management framework
- Version
- CELEX 32024R1774 — ELI reg_del/2024/1774
Texte officiel12RTS 2024/1774 art. 6(2), point (a)32024R1774-a6-p2-1
the encryption of data at rest and in transit;
- Force normative
- droit UE directement applicable (règlement délégué — RTS, niveau 2)
- Source
- Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/1774 of 13 March 2024 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2022/2554 with regard to regulatory technical standards specifying ICT risk management tools, methods, processes, and policies and the simplified ICT risk management framework
- Version
- CELEX 32024R1774 — ELI reg_del/2024/1774
Texte officiel13NIS 2 art. 21(1)32022L2555-a21-p1
Member States shall ensure that essential and important entities take appropriate and proportionate technical, operational and organisational measures to manage the risks posed to the security of network and information systems which those entities use for their operations or for the provision of their services, and to prevent or minimise the impact of incidents on recipients of their services and on other services. Taking into account the state-of-the-art and, where applicable, relevant European and international standards, as well as the cost of implementation, the measures referred to in the first subparagraph shall ensure a level of security of network and information systems appropriate to the risks posed. When assessing the proportionality of those measures, due account shall be taken of the degree of the entity’s exposure to risks, the entity’s size and the likelihood of occurrence of incidents and their severity, including their societal and economic impact.
- Force normative
- droit UE à transposer (directive) — non directement applicable, exige une transposition nationale
- Source
- Directive (EU) 2022/2555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union, amending Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 and Directive (EU) 2018/1972, and repealing Directive (EU) 2016/1148 (NIS 2 Directive)
- Version
- CELEX 32022L2555 — ELI dir/2022/2555
Texte officiel14NIS 2 art. 21(2), point (h)32022L2555-a21-p2-8
policies and procedures regarding the use of cryptography and, where appropriate, encryption;
- Force normative
- droit UE à transposer (directive) — non directement applicable, exige une transposition nationale
- Source
- Directive (EU) 2022/2555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union, amending Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 and Directive (EU) 2018/1972, and repealing Directive (EU) 2016/1148 (NIS 2 Directive)
- Version
- CELEX 32022L2555 — ELI dir/2022/2555
Texte officiel15NIS 2 art. 21(2), point (c)32022L2555-a21-p2-3
business continuity, such as backup management and disaster recovery, and crisis management;
- Force normative
- droit UE à transposer (directive) — non directement applicable, exige une transposition nationale
- Source
- Directive (EU) 2022/2555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union, amending Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 and Directive (EU) 2018/1972, and repealing Directive (EU) 2016/1148 (NIS 2 Directive)
- Version
- CELEX 32022L2555 — ELI dir/2022/2555
Texte officiel16ReCyF v2.5, objectif 13recyf:obj-13
Les entités [importantes ou essentielles] mettent en œuvre des mécanismes de sauvegarde et de restauration opérationnels et les testent au minimum une fois par an.
Les entités [essentielles] définissent et maintiennent à jour des plans de continuité et de reprise d’activité adaptés aux besoins de leurs activités et services.
- Force normative
- obligation (décret, PJL résilience)
- Source
- ReCyF — Référentiel Cyber France (NIS 2, transposition nationale)
- Version
- 2.5 du 17/03/2026 (version de travail)
- Statut
- Version de travail : non opposable tant que la transposition n’est pas promulguée
Texte officiel17Guide CNIL sécurité, fiche 7, F07-PE-04F07-PE-04
Prévoir des moyens de chiffrement des postes nomades et supports de stockage amovibles (ex. : ordinateur portable, clé USB, disque dur externe, CD-R, DVD-RW) tels que : le chiffrement du disque dur (de nombreux systèmes d’exploitation intègrent une telle fonctionnalité) ; le chiffrement fichier par fichier ; la création de conteneurs (dossier susceptible de contenir plusieurs fichiers) chiffrés.
- Force normative
- recommandation (droit souple)
- Source
- Guide pratique RGPD — Sécurité des données personnelles
- Version
- 2024 (mise à jour 2026)
Texte officiel18Guide CNIL sécurité, fiche 22, F22-PE-07F22-PE-07
Appliquer les précautions élémentaires du présent guide aux traitements dans le cloud. En particulier : chiffrer les données au repos et en transit et avoir une gestion des clés cryptographiques appropriée (voir la fiche n°21 - Chiffrement, hachage, signature). Il est à noter que l’utilisation des services de gestion de clefs proposés par le fournisseur de service implique que ce dernier a la capacité d’accéder aux données ; attribuer méticuleusement les accès et autorisations aux seules personnes habilitées à accéder aux ressources (données et applications) dans le cloud et appliquer le principe de moindre privilège (voir la fiche n°5 - Gérer les habilitations) ; authentifier les utilisateurs pour les accès aux services dans le cloud (voir la fiche n°4 - Authentifier les utilisateurs) et n’accorder que les habilitations nécessaires (voir la fiche n°5 - Gérer les habilitations) ; configurer les permissions liées aux ressources dans le cloud ; réaliser des sauvegardes (voir la fiche n°17 - Sauvegarder) et vérifier que le fournisseur dispose bien de lieux de sauvegarde géographiquement éloignés des centres de données.
- Force normative
- recommandation (droit souple)
- Source
- Guide pratique RGPD — Sécurité des données personnelles
- Version
- 2024 (mise à jour 2026)
Texte officiel19Guide CNIL sécurité, fiche 17, F17-PE-01F17-PE-01
Effectuer des sauvegardes fréquentes des données, que celles-ci soient sous forme papier ou électronique. Il peut être opportun de prévoir des sauvegardes incrémentales quotidiennes et des sauvegardes complètes à intervalles réguliers.
- Force normative
- recommandation (droit souple)
- Source
- Guide pratique RGPD — Sécurité des données personnelles
- Version
- 2024 (mise à jour 2026)
Texte officiel20Guide CNIL sécurité, fiche 17, F17-PE-03F17-PE-03
Isoler au moins une sauvegarde hors ligne, déconnectée du réseau de l’entreprise.
- Force normative
- recommandation (droit souple)
- Source
- Guide pratique RGPD — Sécurité des données personnelles
- Version
- 2024 (mise à jour 2026)
Texte officiel21Guide CNIL sécurité, fiche 17, F17-PE-06F17-PE-06
Tester régulièrement l’intégrité des sauvegardes et la capacité de les restaurer.
- Force normative
- recommandation (droit souple)
- Source
- Guide pratique RGPD — Sécurité des données personnelles
- Version
- 2024 (mise à jour 2026)
Texte officiel22Guide CNIL sécurité, fiche 15, F15-PE-06F15-PE-06
Supprimer de façon sécurisée les données des matériels avant leur mise au rebut, leur envoi en réparation chez un tiers ou en fin du contrat de location.
- Force normative
- recommandation (droit souple)
- Source
- Guide pratique RGPD — Sécurité des données personnelles
- Version
- 2024 (mise à jour 2026)
Texte officiel